See benaid on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "bain"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*binati",
"4": "",
"5": "to strike, hit"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *binati (“to strike, hit”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike",
"t": "to strike"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *binati (“to strike, hit”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "·ben",
"tags": [
"conjunct"
]
},
{
"form": "béim",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "bíth",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-conj-simple",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "benaim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "benai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "benaid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bentai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "benait",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "benir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "benair",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bentair",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubaim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "·ben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·benat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·benar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "·bentar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "benas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "benar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "·benad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·bentais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "béo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bíthai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "·bí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·béotar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·bíth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "·bítha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "bie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ro·bí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ro·béotar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ro·bíth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ro·bítha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "·ruba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "·ruba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubatar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bíthus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·biu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "·biter",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "·biad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·bithe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bethir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "betir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "·bia",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·bether",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "·ruibther",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ro·betais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubaitis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubtais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·bethae",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "benad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "benaid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "benat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "benar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "béim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"noun-from-verb",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bíth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"noun-from-verb",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bíthe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bethi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "benaid",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "mbenaid",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "{{{prot2}}}",
"11": "verbal noun",
"12": "béim",
"13": "or",
"14": "bíth",
"2": "verb",
"3": "conjunct",
"4": "·ben",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{conj2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{prot}}}",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "benaid (conjunct ·ben, verbal noun béim or bíth)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "béim",
"2": "bíth",
"conj": "·ben"
},
"expansion": "benaid (conjunct ·ben, verbal noun béim or bíth)",
"name": "sga-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"conditional_3s": "·biad",
"conditional_ps": "·bithe",
"future_1s_abso": "biu",
"future_1s_conj": "·biu",
"future_3s_abso": "bíthus",
"future_3s_abso_q": "with suffixed pronoun <i class=\"Latn mention nowrap\" lang=\"sga\">-us</i>",
"future_class": "i",
"future_pp_conj": "·biter",
"imperative_2p": "benaid",
"imperative_2s": "ben",
"imperative_3p": "benat",
"imperative_3s": "benad",
"imperative_ps": "benar",
"imperfect_3p": "·bentais",
"imperfect_3s": "·benad",
"necessity": "bethi",
"past_participle": "bíthe",
"pastsubj_3p": "ro·betais",
"pastsubj_3p2": "·rubaitis, ·rubtais",
"pastsubj_3p2_q": "prototonic <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sga\">ro-</i>form",
"pastsubj_3p_q": "deuterotonic <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sga\">ro-</i>form",
"pastsubj_3s": "·rubad",
"pastsubj_3s_q": "prototonic <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sga\">ro-</i>form",
"pastsubj_ps": "·bethae",
"perfect_1s_prot": "·ruba",
"perfect_2s_prot": "·ruba",
"perfect_3p_deut": "ro·béotar",
"perfect_3p_prot": "·rubatar",
"perfect_3s_deut": "ro·bí",
"perfect_3s_prot": "·rubai",
"perfect_pp_deut": "ro·bítha",
"perfect_ps_deut": "ro·bíth",
"perfect_ps_prot": "·rubad",
"present_1s_abso": "benaim",
"present_1s_conj": "·rubaim",
"present_1s_conj_q": "<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sga\">ro-</i>form",
"present_2s_abso": "benai",
"present_3p_abso": "benait",
"present_3p_conj": "·benat",
"present_3s_abso": "benaid",
"present_3s_abso2": "bentai",
"present_3s_abso2_q": "with suffixed pronoun <i class=\"Latn mention nowrap\" lang=\"sga\">-i</i>",
"present_3s_conj": "·ben",
"present_3s_rel": "benas",
"present_class": "B IV",
"present_pp_abso": "bentair",
"present_pp_conj": "·bentar",
"present_ps_abso": "ben(a)ir",
"present_ps_conj": "·benar",
"present_ps_rel": "benar",
"preterite_1s_abso": "béo",
"preterite_3p_conj": "·béotar",
"preterite_3s_abso": "bí",
"preterite_3s_conj": "·bí",
"preterite_3s_rel": "bie",
"preterite_class": "reduplicated",
"preterite_pp_abso": "bíthai",
"preterite_pp_conj": "·bítha",
"preterite_ps_conj": "·bíth",
"subjunctive_2s_conj": "·rubai",
"subjunctive_2s_conj_q": "<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sga\">ro-</i>form",
"subjunctive_3s_conj": "·bia",
"subjunctive_class": "a",
"subjunctive_pp_abso": "betir",
"subjunctive_ps_abso": "bethir",
"subjunctive_ps_conj": "·bether",
"subjunctive_ps_conj2": "·ruibther",
"subjunctive_ps_conj2_q": "<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sga\">ro-</i>form",
"verbal_noun": "béim",
"verbal_noun2": "bíth"
},
"name": "sga-conj-simple"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "sga:Violence",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ar·díben"
},
{
"word": "do·fuiben"
},
{
"word": "do·immdiben"
},
{
"english": "to hinder",
"translation": "to hinder",
"word": "do·rorban"
},
{
"word": "etir·diben"
},
{
"word": "for·ben"
},
{
"word": "fo·ben"
},
{
"word": "imm·díben"
},
{
"word": "ind·árban"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
12,
18
]
],
"english": "Cú Chulainn struck him [Etarcomol] with his sword under his armpits so that his garments fell off of him, yet he did not cut into his skin.",
"ref": "c. 700–800, Táin Bó Cúailnge; published in Táin Bó Cúailnge. Recension I (1976, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Cecile O'Rahilly , TBC-I 1353:",
"text": "Bentai Cú Chulaind cona chlaidiub asa díb n-axalaib co torchair a étach de, ⁊ ní forbai ima chnes.",
"translation": "Cú Chulainn struck him [Etarcomol] with his sword under his armpits so that his garments fell off of him, yet he did not cut into his skin.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
17
]
],
"english": "Nails were driven through his feet, others through his white palms.",
"ref": "c. 760, Blathmac mac Con Brettan, stanza 51; published in \"A study of the lexicon of the poems of Blathmac Son of Cú Brettan\" (2017; PhD thesis, National University of Ireland Maynooth), edited and with translations by Siobhán Barrett :",
"text": "Bíthi cloï tria chossa, alaili tria bánbossa.",
"translation": "Nails were driven through his feet, others through his white palms.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
35,
41
]
],
"english": "that he be struck, i.e. that he be beaten.",
"text": "nu·n-ailte .i. no·mbethe son.",
"translation": "that he be struck, i.e. that he be beaten.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hit, strike"
],
"id": "en-benaid-sga-verb-35SbWg4k",
"links": [
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"strike",
"strike"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʲe.nəðʲ/"
},
{
"note": "Blasse",
"other": "[ˈbʲe.nɪðʲ]"
},
{
"note": "Griffith",
"other": "[ˈbʲe.nɨðʲ]"
}
],
"word": "benaid"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "ar·díben"
},
{
"word": "do·fuiben"
},
{
"word": "do·immdiben"
},
{
"english": "to hinder",
"translation": "to hinder",
"word": "do·rorban"
},
{
"word": "etir·diben"
},
{
"word": "for·ben"
},
{
"word": "fo·ben"
},
{
"word": "imm·díben"
},
{
"word": "ind·árban"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "bain"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*binati",
"4": "",
"5": "to strike, hit"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *binati (“to strike, hit”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike",
"t": "to strike"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *binati (“to strike, hit”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "·ben",
"tags": [
"conjunct"
]
},
{
"form": "béim",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "bíth",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-conj-simple",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "benaim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "benai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "benaid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bentai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "benait",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "benir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "benair",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bentair",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubaim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "·ben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·benat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·benar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "·bentar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "benas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "benar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "·benad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·bentais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "béo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bíthai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "·bí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·béotar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·bíth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "·bítha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "bie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ro·bí",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ro·béotar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ro·bíth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ro·bítha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "·ruba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "·ruba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubatar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bíthus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·biu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "·biter",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "·biad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·bithe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bethir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "betir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "·bia",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·bether",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "·ruibther",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ro·betais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubaitis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·rubtais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "·bethae",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "benad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "benaid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "benat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "benar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "béim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"noun-from-verb",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bíth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"noun-from-verb",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bíthe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bethi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "benaid",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "mbenaid",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "{{{prot2}}}",
"11": "verbal noun",
"12": "béim",
"13": "or",
"14": "bíth",
"2": "verb",
"3": "conjunct",
"4": "·ben",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{conj2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{prot}}}",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "benaid (conjunct ·ben, verbal noun béim or bíth)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "béim",
"2": "bíth",
"conj": "·ben"
},
"expansion": "benaid (conjunct ·ben, verbal noun béim or bíth)",
"name": "sga-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"conditional_3s": "·biad",
"conditional_ps": "·bithe",
"future_1s_abso": "biu",
"future_1s_conj": "·biu",
"future_3s_abso": "bíthus",
"future_3s_abso_q": "with suffixed pronoun <i class=\"Latn mention nowrap\" lang=\"sga\">-us</i>",
"future_class": "i",
"future_pp_conj": "·biter",
"imperative_2p": "benaid",
"imperative_2s": "ben",
"imperative_3p": "benat",
"imperative_3s": "benad",
"imperative_ps": "benar",
"imperfect_3p": "·bentais",
"imperfect_3s": "·benad",
"necessity": "bethi",
"past_participle": "bíthe",
"pastsubj_3p": "ro·betais",
"pastsubj_3p2": "·rubaitis, ·rubtais",
"pastsubj_3p2_q": "prototonic <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sga\">ro-</i>form",
"pastsubj_3p_q": "deuterotonic <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sga\">ro-</i>form",
"pastsubj_3s": "·rubad",
"pastsubj_3s_q": "prototonic <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sga\">ro-</i>form",
"pastsubj_ps": "·bethae",
"perfect_1s_prot": "·ruba",
"perfect_2s_prot": "·ruba",
"perfect_3p_deut": "ro·béotar",
"perfect_3p_prot": "·rubatar",
"perfect_3s_deut": "ro·bí",
"perfect_3s_prot": "·rubai",
"perfect_pp_deut": "ro·bítha",
"perfect_ps_deut": "ro·bíth",
"perfect_ps_prot": "·rubad",
"present_1s_abso": "benaim",
"present_1s_conj": "·rubaim",
"present_1s_conj_q": "<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sga\">ro-</i>form",
"present_2s_abso": "benai",
"present_3p_abso": "benait",
"present_3p_conj": "·benat",
"present_3s_abso": "benaid",
"present_3s_abso2": "bentai",
"present_3s_abso2_q": "with suffixed pronoun <i class=\"Latn mention nowrap\" lang=\"sga\">-i</i>",
"present_3s_conj": "·ben",
"present_3s_rel": "benas",
"present_class": "B IV",
"present_pp_abso": "bentair",
"present_pp_conj": "·bentar",
"present_ps_abso": "ben(a)ir",
"present_ps_conj": "·benar",
"present_ps_rel": "benar",
"preterite_1s_abso": "béo",
"preterite_3p_conj": "·béotar",
"preterite_3s_abso": "bí",
"preterite_3s_conj": "·bí",
"preterite_3s_rel": "bie",
"preterite_class": "reduplicated",
"preterite_pp_abso": "bíthai",
"preterite_pp_conj": "·bítha",
"preterite_ps_conj": "·bíth",
"subjunctive_2s_conj": "·rubai",
"subjunctive_2s_conj_q": "<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sga\">ro-</i>form",
"subjunctive_3s_conj": "·bia",
"subjunctive_class": "a",
"subjunctive_pp_abso": "betir",
"subjunctive_ps_abso": "bethir",
"subjunctive_ps_conj": "·bether",
"subjunctive_ps_conj2": "·ruibther",
"subjunctive_ps_conj2_q": "<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sga\">ro-</i>form",
"verbal_noun": "béim",
"verbal_noun2": "bíth"
},
"name": "sga-conj-simple"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish a subjunctive verbs",
"Old Irish class B IV present verbs",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish i future verbs",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish reduplicated preterite verbs",
"Old Irish simple verbs",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeyh₂- (strike)",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Irish terms with quotations",
"Old Irish verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"sga:Violence"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
12,
18
]
],
"english": "Cú Chulainn struck him [Etarcomol] with his sword under his armpits so that his garments fell off of him, yet he did not cut into his skin.",
"ref": "c. 700–800, Táin Bó Cúailnge; published in Táin Bó Cúailnge. Recension I (1976, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Cecile O'Rahilly , TBC-I 1353:",
"text": "Bentai Cú Chulaind cona chlaidiub asa díb n-axalaib co torchair a étach de, ⁊ ní forbai ima chnes.",
"translation": "Cú Chulainn struck him [Etarcomol] with his sword under his armpits so that his garments fell off of him, yet he did not cut into his skin.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
17
]
],
"english": "Nails were driven through his feet, others through his white palms.",
"ref": "c. 760, Blathmac mac Con Brettan, stanza 51; published in \"A study of the lexicon of the poems of Blathmac Son of Cú Brettan\" (2017; PhD thesis, National University of Ireland Maynooth), edited and with translations by Siobhán Barrett :",
"text": "Bíthi cloï tria chossa, alaili tria bánbossa.",
"translation": "Nails were driven through his feet, others through his white palms.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
35,
41
]
],
"english": "that he be struck, i.e. that he be beaten.",
"text": "nu·n-ailte .i. no·mbethe son.",
"translation": "that he be struck, i.e. that he be beaten.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hit, strike"
],
"links": [
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"strike",
"strike"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʲe.nəðʲ/"
},
{
"note": "Blasse",
"other": "[ˈbʲe.nɪðʲ]"
},
{
"note": "Griffith",
"other": "[ˈbʲe.nɨðʲ]"
}
],
"word": "benaid"
}
Download raw JSONL data for benaid meaning in All languages combined (14.4kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'abs.'",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'conj.'",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'rel.'",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'imperfect indicative'",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'abs.'",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'conj.'",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'rel.'",
"path": [
"benaid"
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"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'deut.'",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'prot.'",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
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"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'conj.'",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'rel.'",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'abs.'",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'conj.'",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
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"path": [
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],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'verbal of necessity'",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: benaid/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"benaid"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "benaid",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.